Introduction to Computer
Computer:
A computer is an device , operating under the control of instructions stored
in its own memory which will accept data (input), process the info consistent with specified
rules, produce information (output), and store the knowledge for future use1
Functionality of Computer:
Taking data and directions from a user, processing the info as per instructions, and displaying or storing the processed data, are the four major functions of a computer. These functions also are referred to as the input function, process function, output function, and storage function, respectively
Computer Components:
A quite of computer components are Computer Software and Hardware.
What is Hardware Components:
Let’s start with the pc case. this is often the metal enclosure that contains many of the opposite hardware components. Want to understand what’s inside? Okay, go get a screwdriver and let’s open it up. Seriously, if you’re really into computers, the simplest thanks to learn is to truly get hands-on. to save lots of us a while , however, have a glance at this personal computer case. A computer enthusiast replaced the metal side panel with a transparent one, so we will have a glance inside.
Computer tower with translucent side panel
Although that photo looks pretty cool, it’s a touch hard to acknowledge the individual components, especially with all the connecting wires running through it. This figure shows a more schematic version of a personal computer , which makes it easier to means the essential hardware components.
Input Devices: Input Device: an data input device may be a Device that enters data and knowledge into a computer. A bridge between a computer and a user or other device. … Input devices mainly include: keyboard, mouse, camera, scanner, light pen, handwriting input board, game bar, voice data input device (microphone), etc.
Example of Input Devices:- 1. Keyboard 2. Mouse (pointing device) 3. Microphone 4. Touch screen 5. Scanner 6. Webcam 7. Touchpads 8. MIDI keyboard 9. 10.Graphics Tablets 11.Cameras 12.Pen Input 13.Video Capture Hardware 14.Microphone 15.Trackballs 16.Barcode reader 17.Digital camera 18.Joystick 19.Gamepad 20.Electronic Whiteboard 21.
Central Processing Unit : Central Processing Unit (CPU)
A CPU is brain of a computer. it’s liable for all functions and processes.
Regarding computing power, the CPU is that the most vital element of a computer
system.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) may be a digital circuit wont to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the elemental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and sophisticated ALUs. additionally to ALUs, modern CPUs contain an impact unit (CU).
Control Unit: The control unit (CU) may be a component of a computer’s central processing unit (CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. It tells the computer’s memory, arithmetic and logic unit and input and output devices the way to answer the instructions that are sent to the processor.
Primary Memory:-
1: RAM
2: ROM
RAM:
Random Access Memory (RAM) may be a memory scheme within the pc
system liable for storing data on a short lived basis, in order that it are often promptly
accessed by the processor as and when needed. it’s volatile in nature, which suggests
that data are going to be erased once supply to the memory device is turned off. RAM stores
data randomly and therefore the processor accesses these data randomly from the RAM
storage. RAM is taken into account “random access” because you’ll access any memory
cell directly if you recognize the row and column that intersect at that cell.
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